Help

command	description
`gO`	show table of contents
`:h tag`	vim tags
`ctrl + ]` (press when the cursor is on a tag)	jump to selected tag
`ctrl + t`	jump back after pressing `ctrl + ]`
`/pattern`	zB `/^i` springt zur nächsten Zeile, die mit i anfängt

vim commands

command	description
`:h`	help
`:h :u`	Manual zu `:u` Befehl (im Manual kann man zB via Befehl `:v` zu dem `:v` springen)
`:h Q_<tab>`
`:h quickref`	und dann eg `_sc` um auf `Q_sc` tag zu springen

Screenshot_table

keymaps

command	description
`:h key-notation`	vim key notation
`:h index`	list of all vim default keymaps
`:map`, `:nmap`, `:vmap`, `:imap`	list all custom keymaps
`:map <someKey>`, `:nmap <someKey>`	list all keymaps with `<someKey>`
`:filter pattern imap`
`:h map-which-keys`	to see which keys are not mapped
`:h i_CTRL-R`	lookup meaning of CTRL-R in insert mode (deshalb das `i_` prefix; `v_` prefix für visual mode usw. s. Tabelle unten drunter)

Plugins

command	description
`:h coc-nvim.txt`
`:h telescope.<tab>`
`:h lsp<tab>`
`:h comment.config`

Plugins

VundleVim/Vundle.vim
- install: add Plugin 'github_repo_name' to .vimrc, PluginInstall
- uninstall: remove Plugin 'github_repo_name' from .vimrc, PluginUpdate, restart vim, PluginClean
rip-rip/clang_complete (install: see below)
for junegunn/fzf: when this plugin asks for downloading the executable, confirm with “y”

" braket Plugins

Plugin 'NLKNguyen/papercolor-theme'

" c++ autocomplete
Plugin 'rip-rip/clang_complete'

" markdown editing in vim
"Plugin 'godlygeek/tabular' " required for vim-markdown plugin
"Plugin 'plasticboy/vim-markdown'

" markdown previewing in a browser
Plugin 'iamcco/markdown-preview.nvim'

" vscode dark theme
Plugin 'tomasiser/vim-code-dark'
Plugin 'octol/vim-cpp-enhanced-highlight'

" fuzzy file search
Plugin 'junegunn/fzf'
Plugin 'junegunn/fzf.vim'

" Viewer & Finder for LSP symbols and tags
" (built to replace "tagbar" plugin which does not support LSP)
" (LSP: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_Server_Protocol)
Plugin 'liuchengxu/vista.vim'

" Delete/change/add parentheses/quotes/XML-tags/much more with ease
Plugin 'tpope/vim-surround'

" copying to the system clipboard with text-objects and motions
Plugin 'christoomey/vim-system-copy'

Install Autocomplete `clang_complete`

Download https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
chmod u+x ~/Downloads/llvm.sh
bash -c ~/Downloads/llvm.sh
- (einige dependencies - output sagt welche - müssen evtl. manuell nachinstalliert werden) installs LLVM + Clang + compiler-rt + polly + LLDB + LLD + libFuzzer + libc++ + libc++abi + openmp + libclc (see here)
Install https://github.com/xavierd/clang_complete
- with minimum Configuration (Achtung: hier im .vimrc stattdessen :let g:clang_library_path='/usr/lib/llvm-12/lib' einsetzen, dh. die richtige llvm Version) (optional: make .clang_complete file for setting Compiler options)
cd /usr/lib/llvm-12/lib
- look for libclang.so.1 file
ln -s libclang.so.1 libclang.so
- make a symlink (=symbolic link) called libclang.so to libclang.so.1 in this directory

Highlight Groups

:h highlight-groups
:highlight (list all highlight-groups)
setting hi group in lua: link
change the color of folders in the output of the ls command: link
- meaning of the LS_COLORS variable: “The first number is the style (1=bold), followed by a semicolon, and then the actual number of the color.”
terminal xterm highlight groups source:

# get the terminal's background color rgb
printf '\033]11;?\007'
# get the terminal's foreground color rgb
printf '\033]10;?\007'

Ex Commands

Substitute `:h substitute`

g: Replace all occurrences in the line. (:h s_g) %: a “range” (:h range), tells the regex to work on all lines (the entire file)

command	description
`:%s/pattern/xyz/g`	find `pattern` (regexp) and replace with `xyz`. The basic construct of the command is `s#search#replace#`.
`:%s/pattern/xyz/gc`	`c`: interactive replace
`:s///`	find and replace just on the current line.
`:%s/^.John.$//g`	match the entire line that contains `John`

Global `:h global`

executes a command on all lines that match a regex
g stands for “global”
d stands for “delete lines (default: current line)”

command	description
`:g/pattern/d`	remove all lines containing `pattern`
`:g/^$/d`	remove blank lines
`:g/^match/yank A`	runs the global command to yank any line that matches `^match` and put it in register `a`. Because `a` is uppercase, instead of just setting the register to the value, it will append to it., stackoverflow

Regex

(Achtung: in Windows manchmal bisschen anders s. https://superuser.com/a/518231

command	description
`^`	regexp: beginning of line (praktisch für netrw: zB für jump to nächstem Ordner der mit “i” anfängt: `/^i`)
`\n` oder `\r`	linebreak (man kann damit auch linebreaks suchen und mit einem whitespace (ie einfach 1x Leertaste) ersetzen)
`^\R`	blank line (exact empty line)
`^\h\*\R`	for empty lines with blanks, only

regexr.com

Use regexr.com to …
- read regex: paste the regex expression you want to understand into the “Expression” field and read the “Tools” field. This field will show what each symbol in the expression means.
- write regex: write something into the “Expression” field and see if it works by looking into the “Text/Tests” field with the example text.

Regex In Vim

Characters That Must Be Escaped

you must escape {, }, /, (, ), |, + (but not: [, ]) and some other characters with a backslash “\” for the regex find pattern and the replace pattern to work

Starting vim from Terminal

command	description
`vim .`	öffne netrw in current dir
`vim -r file.swp`	restore file.swp
`vim -u vimrc-file file`	use another `.vimrc` (to specify other `.vim` location `set runtimepath` in `.vimrc`, further details below in section “General facts/Change default `.vim` `.vimrc` location”)
`vim --clean file`	start clean without loading `.vimrc`

netrw

command	description
F1	help
i	change listing style
d	new directory
%	new file
s	cycle through sort order
r	reverse current sort order
:Lexplore (in vim)	öffnet netrw links und jeder gewählte file wird rechts geöffnet (gut zum Browsen)

Compile, Run

command	description
:!g++ -g -Wall %	compile current file (% steht für current file)
:!./a.out	(after :!g++ -g -Wall %) execute compiled file a.out

In COMMAND mode

command	description
a	gehe in INSERT modus
:terminal	open a terminal in Vim
ctrl+w capital N	in terminal mode: enable scrolling (move around with cursor) in vim terminal mode (press i or a to resume using terminal as before)

Vim Settings

Note: You can check the current value of a variable via :set variable?.

command	description
:syntax on
:set number
:set nonumber
:set hlsearch
:set nohlsearch
:filetype indent plugin on
:so $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/python.vim	aktiviere Python Syntax
:echo $VIMRUNTIME	show the content of the `VIMRUNTIME` variable (e.g. syntax files are in the `VIMRUNTIME/syntax/` directory)

Syntax highlighting

command	description
`:setfiletype` (with a space afterwards), then press Ctrl-d	list all known filetypes, vi.stackexchange
`:set filetype=cmake`	wenn Syntax nicht automatisch aktiviert wird, diesen Befehl ausführen
`:scriptnames`	To find out which files Vim has actually loaded. Generally, only the last one listed is “active”, and even it may not be if you’ve turned syntax highlighting off.
`:echo b:current_syntax`	To see the syntax currently in effect.
`:syntax list`	To see the syntax items currently in effect. This may help if syntax items from more than one syntax file are in effect.
`:setlocal syntax?`	The syntax for the current buffer can be queried via this command. It usually (but not necessarily) corresponds to the buffer’s filetype (`:setlocal filetype?`).

Vim Sessions

command	description
`:mks ~/.vim-sessions/some-project-session.vim`	save vim session
`:so ~/.vim-sessions/some-project-session.vim`	restore vim session

Tabs

stackoverflow: the vim way: how to use tabs and buffers

command	description
`:gt`	next Tab
`:gT`	previous Tab
`:tabe .`	open netrw in a new Tab
`:tabe _file_`	open `_file_` in a new Tab
`:4gt`	switch to Tab number 4
`:tab ter`	open terminal in new Tab
ctrl + w N	scroll in a terminal tab

Buffers

stackoverflow: the vim way: how to use tabs and buffers

command	description
`:ls`	get the buffer number of all files edited in this session
`:ls t`	`t` flag: from `:help :ls`: “show time last used and sort buffers”
`:filter .foo.cpp ls t`	only show the buffers that match the pattern `.foo.cpp` sorted by time last used
`:files`	see `:ls`
`:buffers`	same as `:ls`
`:tabnew +Nbuf`	re-open closed tab (where N is the buffer number of the closed tab which you can get via `:ls`), e.g. `:tabnew +18buf` in order to reopen buffer 18
`:buffer very/very/long/path/to/a/veryVeryLongFileName.txt`	switch to buffer `very/very/long/path/to/a/veryVeryLongFileName.txt`, where a buffer is a file in the `:ls` list
`:b LongFileName<hit tab to find a match>`	short form of `:buffer very/very/long/path/to/a/veryVeryLongFileName.txt` (note: `:b` command can also take a substring of the name of the file, thus `LongFileName` instead of `veryVeryLongFileName`!)
`:b SubstringOfFilename<hit tab to find a match>`
`:b 5`	switch to buffer 5 (see file-number map in the `:ls` list)
`:bd [N]`	Unload buffer `[N]` (default: current buffer) and delete it from the buffer list. If the buffer was changed, this fails, unless when `[!]` is specified, in which case changes are lost. The file remains unaffected.

File Open, Close, Suspend, Name, Refresh

command	description
`shift` `z` `q`	wie `:q!`
`ctrl` `w` `q`	wie `:q` (ohne `!`), schließe aktiven split window
`shift` `z` `z`	wie `:x` (dasselbe wie `:wq`, aber `:wq` überschreibt auch wenn keine modification [nur wichtig, falls modification times matter])
`ctrl` `z`	suspend, i.e. pause and switch to terminal (sends SIGTSTP to a process, like `kill -TSTP [processid]`, see notes on Bash under section “job control”)
in terminal: `fg`	resume, i.e. go back to vim (a shell builtin command)
`ctrl` `g`	show current file name
`1` `ctrl` `g`	show current file name + path
`:e`	reload/refresh file
`:e!`	discard local changes and reload/refresh file
`:bufdo :e` or `:bufdo :e!`	reload/refresh all buffers
`:e /path/to/other/file`	öffne anderen file in vim

File Saving

command	description
`:w`
`:sav(eas) new_file_name`	rename file (will not delete your old file), ie. save as `new_file_name` and set `new_file_name` as current file (`:sav` and `:saveas` are the same)

command	description
ctrl + e	scroll window one line down
ctrl + y	scroll window one line up
ctrl + +	zoom in (anschließend ctrl + w, =)
ctrl - -	zoom out (anschließend ctrl + w, =)

Viewports

command	description
`vi -o /path/to/file1 /path/to/file2`	öffne 2 files in split screen
ctrl + w, s	öffne neuen split window horizontal
ctrl + w, v	öffne neuen split window vertical (oder besser: `:Lexplore`)
ctrl + w J	change two vertically split windows to horizonally split
ctrl + w H	change two horizonally split windows to vertically split
ctrl + w, <h j k l>	change active viewport
ctrl + r	rotate viewport (zum Anordnen der viewports)
ctrl + R
ctrl + w, q	wie `:q` (ohne `!`), schließe aktiven split window
ctrl + w, =	resize viewports to be of equal size
ctrl + w, <	decrease active viewport size (für 8 Einheiten Verkleinerung: ctrl + w, 8, <)
ctrl + w, o	close all the other splits except the active one (same as `:only`)
`:qa`, `:qa!`	close all splits (“quit all”)

Jump

command	description
h j k l	links hoch runter rechts
`/irgend_ein_wort`	suche `irgend_ein_wort` vorwärts (springt zum ersten solchen Wort, drücke n für nächstes Wort und N für previous occurrence)
`?irgend_ein_wort`	suche `irgend_ein_wort` rückwärts
0	spring zu Zeilenanfang
$	spring zu Zeilenende
H	spring zu top of page (“High”)
L	spring zu bottom of page (“Low”)
b	spring zu Wortanfang
e	spring zu Wortende
`*`	jump to next occurrence of the word under the cursor (then navigate back and forth with “n” and “shift + n”)
f x	spring zum nächsten “x” in der Zeile (repeat mit “;”, reverse mit “,”)
ctrl + d	spring 1/2 window nach unten
ctrl + u	spring 1/2 window nach oben
ctrl + f	spring 1 window nach unten (Merke: “f” für forward)
ctrl + b	spring 1 window nach oben (Merke: “b” für backward)
shift + g	Jump to end of file
“line number” + shift + g	Jump to line
g + g	Jump to first line of file
ctrl + o	Jump to previous cursor position
ctrl + i	Jump to next cursor position
ctrl + ]	Jump to definition (if `ctags` is installed)
`%`	Jump to a matching opening or closing parenthesis, bracket or curly brace, when the cursor is positioned on one of them
`[{` or `]}`	Jump to outer curly brackets, see vi.stackexcange
`[(` or `])`	Jump to outer parenthesis, see vi.stackexcange
`[%` or `]%`	Jump to outer bracket, see vi.stackexcange (works only if the plugins “matchit” and “match-up” are installed)
`{` or `}`	jump forwards or backwards between blank lines which should be enough to move between closed blocks (e.g. jump to the next function).
`ma` and `<backtick>a`	set mark and jump to the set mark (why useful?: A mark is persistent no matter how long you are in the file, as opposed to `<C-o>`.)

URLs, links

command	description
gx	in normal mode: open the URL/link under the cursor in Firefox
gx	in visual mode: open the (manually) selected URL/link in Firefox

Write

command	description
v	select
Shift + v	select line
x	cut
p	paste
:r !xsel	paste from clipboard
o	insert new line below
d w	delete (=cut) to the start of next word
d i w	delete (=cut) current word
d 3 i w	delete (=cut) next 3 `iw` objects (“space” also counts as an object!)
d 3 a w	delete (=cut) next 3 `aw` objects (“space” does not count as an object!)
5 d w	delete (=cut) next 5 words
d d	delete (=cut) current line
d %	delete (=cut) betw matching brackets `{}`, `[]`, `()`
d i (	delete (=cut) betw matching brackets `()`, see stackoverflow
d $	delete (=cut) to end of line
y l	yank the symbol under the cursor
y w	yank to the start of next word
y i w	yank current word
y 3 i w	yank next 3 `iw` objects (“space” also counts as an object!)
y 3 a w	yank next 3 `aw` objects (“space” does not count as an object!)
y y	yank current line
y %	yank to the matching character (useful to copy text betw matching brackets `{}`, `[]`, `()` )
`> >`	indent (in Insert mode: ctrl + t)
`< <`	unindent (in Insert mode: ctrl + d)
`10 < <`	unindent 10 lines
`< %`	unindent betw matching brackets `{}`, `[]`, `()`
u oder :u	undo last change
ctrl + r	redo
`ctrl - k digraph_id`	to type special characters that are not on the keyboard
:dig	list all digraphs (see `:h digraph`)

Copy, Paste

Copy/Paste Using Registers

+: Use "+y to copy the selection to the system clipboard.

Copy/Paste Using a Plugin

'christoomey/vim-system-copy': for copying to the system clipboard with text-objects and motions

command	description
cp	copy
cv	paste
cpiw	copy word
cP	copy line
cV	paste line
cpi’	copy inside single quotes to system clipboard
cvi’	paste inside single quotes from system clipboard

Comment, Uncomment Multiple Rows

how-to-comment-and-uncomment-multiple-line-vi-terminal-editor

ctrl + v (Block markieren)
shift + i (enter Insert mode (while in Block mode))
" (Kommentarsymbol am Anfang der ersten Zeile eingeben (while in Block mode))
Esc (drücken und 1 sec warten (bis das Kommentarsymbol vor allen Zeilen im Block auftaucht))

Vim Registers

in insert mode: ctrl-rregistername to paste registername, eg. ctrl-r a to paste register a
in normal mode: " then register name, eg. " a for register a
- press "registernamey to yank into register registername, eg. "ay to yank into register a
- press "registernamep to paste register registername, eg. "ap to paste register a
tricks:
- you can use Esc + normal mode command while recording into a register
  - useful for markdown:
    - use Esc + h h h h i to automatically jump to a certain position after inserting a string

Vim Macros

qregistername: start recording into register registername
- trick: use ctrl o q registername to start recording in insert mode
q: stop recording
- trick: use ctrl o q to finish recording in insert mode
@registername: replay the recording stored in register registername
ctrl c: cancel a recording while it is replaying
stackoverflow:
- :let @b=@a to copy the macro from register a to register b and thus preserve it

In INSERT mode

command	description
Esc	gehe in command mode

Avoid the escape key:

vim.fandom.com

command	description
ctrl + c	gehe in command mode Achtung: abbreviations funktionieren hier nicht im Ggs. zu dem “Esc” command mode
alt + normal mode command	führt “normal mode command” im INSERT mode aus
ctrl + o + (cmd)	switch to command mode for one command (gut für zB ctrl + o + `$` oder andere Jump-commands) Note: cmd nur bei Mac

Schreiben

command	description
ctrl + x und danach ctrl + o	Omnicompletion (navigiere in Dropdown hoch/runter mit ctrl + p/ctrl + n)
ctrl + p	completion with previous matching pattern
ctrl + n	completion with next matching pattern
ctrl + t	indent
ctrl + d	unindent
ctrl + r dann `%`	insert current file name

General facts

Reasons for swap files (.swp)

Swap files store changes you’ve made to the buffer. If Vim or your computer crashes, they allow you to recover those changes. Swap files also provide a way to avoid multiple instances of Vim from editing the same file. This can be useful on multi-user systems or just to know if you have another Vim already editing a file. s. stackexcange question

Freeze/Freezing

Press CTRL + S to freeze vim and press CTRL + Q to unfreeze.

Change default .vim .vimrc location

:set runtimepath?
copy the displayed runtimepath
in new .vimrc which is in an arbitrary location write set runtimepath= and paste the copied paths behind it
add path of new .vim behind it
start vim with vim -u path/to/new/.vimrc some_other_file
- or create alias e.g. vvim for vim -u path/to/new/.vimrc
- or create .bash_aliases file with content alias vvim="vim -u .vimrc" and source it on startup using source .bash_aliases command

Neovim

Opinion

vim9script problem

Install

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/unstable
sudo apt install neovim

Old install method (before 30th July 2024):

~~Install the Debian package nvim-linux64.deb from https://github.com/neovim/neovim/releases:~~

sudo apt install ./nvim-linux64.deb

Note: Do not install from the apt package repository because there are only older nvim versions.

Configuration

Ubuntu

use the “German (no dead keys)” keyboard layout

Nvim

mkdir $HOME/.cfg/
git clone --bare https://github.com/pharath/dotfiles.git $HOME/.cfg/
alias config='/usr/bin/git --git-dir=$HOME/.cfg/ --work-tree=$HOME'
config checkout   # before running this command, remove all the existing dotfiles that would be overwritten otherwise
config config core.excludesFile '~/.gitignore'
config config core.editor nvim   # to open nvim when writing multi-line commit messages

Note: ~/.config/nvim/ is a modified version of https://github.com/nvim-lua/kickstart.nvim.

Coc

Install coc-prettier: in neovim run:

:CocInstall coc-prettier

Under :CocList → sources deregister all sources (otherwise Coc’s autocompletion will show a popup, but we only want to use the vim default completion popup and the nvim-cmp popup).

ripgrep

Install ripgrep on Ubuntu:

e.g. for ripgrep 13.0.0 run:

$ curl -LO https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep/releases/download/13.0.0/ripgrep_13.0.0_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i ripgrep_13.0.0_amd64.deb

LSP

coc lsp vs native lsp:

reddit: reddit
chris@machine: youtube

For coc-tsserver (javascript, jsx, TypeScript, etc):

Note: this will give 2 hover popups because nvim kickstart already has a TypeScript LSP

# :CocInstall coc-json   # required for :CocConfig
# :CocConfig
# # :CocConfig will open "coc-settings.json", look if "suggest.completionItemKindLabels" is set
# # (if not copy https://www.chiarulli.me/Neovim/26-lsp-symbols/)
# :CocInstall coc-tsserver

For clangd:

configuration: see github
open a .cpp file, run :LspInstall (without arguments) and select clangd
each project needs a compile_commands.json (JSON compilation database) in the root of your source tree (compile_commands.json, clangd doc)
- if your project has a Makefile only, then the compile_commands.json can be generated with bear (sudo apt install bear)
  - to generate the compile_commands.json run make clean; bear make
    - Note: the -- in make clean; bear -- make is deprecated (see issue)
  - bear github
project configuration file: .clangd (in the root of the project)

For spectral (json LSP), tailwindcss, bashls:

open a json, css and bash file, run :LspInstall and select spectral, tailwindcss and bashls respectively

Filetype

see reddit.com: “Usage of ‘after/ftplugin’ directory for filetype-specific configuration”

This is better than using nvim_create_autocmd()!

Font

Install nerd-fonts:

mkdir -p ~/.local/share/fonts
cd ~/.local/share/fonts

In this directory download Hack Nerd Font, then run

unzip Hack.zip
rm Hack.zip LICENSE.md readme.md

In the Ubuntu terminal profile settings set Hack Nerd Font Regular as the terminal font.

Plugins

tpope/vim-surround

to delete/change/add parentheses/quotes/XML-tags
ysiw": surround the word under the cursor with " (without selecting this word)

nvim-cmp

settings: see cmp.setup in init.lua
changes: in cmp.setup add

['<C-n>'] = cmp.mapping(cmp.mapping.select_next_item(), {'i','c'}),
['<C-p>'] = cmp.mapping(cmp.mapping.select_prev_item(), {'i','c'}),

nvim-tree/nvim-tree.lua

doc
press g ? to show all shortcuts
Git Integration
- Icon indicates when a file is:
  - ✗ unstaged or folder is dirty
  - ✓ staged
  - ★ new file
  - ✓ ✗ partially staged
  - ✓ ★ new file staged
  - ✓ ★ ✗ new file staged and has unstaged modifications
  - ═ merging
  - ➜ renamed
does NOT show folders and files that are in .gitignore
- press I to show them

toggleterm

use 3<c-\> to create and toggle terminal “3”

lazygit

install:
- wget https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazygit/releases/download/v0.37.0/lazygit_0.37.0_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
- untar and mv -iv lazygit /usr/local/bin/
set a custom pager: doc
- install delta (Note: use an older release, if sudo apt install ./git-delta_0.14.0_amd64.deb shows errors; my currently used version: link)
how to handle the dotfiles repo: issue
- lazygit --git-dir=$HOME/.cfg/ --work-tree=$HOME
- note: <leader>gd triggers this command in my config

telescope

if telescope’s “Recent Files” function is slow because it spins up the external hard drive, see section “telescope” in ./2023-10-01-cheatsheet-coding.md

Syntax Highlighting

nvim-treesitter

Manually installing a language parser:

to support a specific feature for a specific language requires both
- a parser for that language and
- an appropriate language-specific query file for that feature
:TSInstall parserName (install a specific parser)
:TSInstallInfo (list all installed parsers)
:TSUninstall parserName

Automatically installing a language parser (on startup):

In order to install a language (automatically on startup) just add the language to the ensure_installed list in the init.lua file and close and re-open the init.lua file. E.g. to install javascript syntax highlighting:

-- [[ Configure Treesitter ]]
-- See `:help nvim-treesitter`
require('nvim-treesitter.configs').setup {
  -- Add languages to be installed here that you want installed for treesitter
  ensure_installed = { 'c', 'cpp', 'go', 'lua', 'python', 'rust', 'tsx', 'typescript', 'help', 'vim', 'javascript' },

  -- Autoinstall languages that are not installed. Defaults to false (but you can change for yourself!)
  auto_install = false,

  highlight = { enable = true },
  indent = { enable = true, disable = { 'python' } },
  incremental_selection = {
    enable = true,
    keymaps = {
      init_selection = '<c-space>',
      node_incremental = '<c-space>',
      scope_incremental = '<c-s>',
      node_decremental = '<M-space>',
    },
  },
  textobjects = {
    select = {
      enable = true,
      lookahead = true, -- Automatically jump forward to textobj, similar to targets.vim
      keymaps = {
        -- You can use the capture groups defined in textobjects.scm
        ['aa'] = '@parameter.outer',
        ['ia'] = '@parameter.inner',
        ['af'] = '@function.outer',
        ['if'] = '@function.inner',
        ['ac'] = '@class.outer',
        ['ic'] = '@class.inner',
      },
    },
    move = {
      enable = true,
      set_jumps = true, -- whether to set jumps in the jumplist
      goto_next_start = {
        [']m'] = '@function.outer',
        [']]'] = '@class.outer',
      },
      goto_next_end = {
        [']M'] = '@function.outer',
        [']['] = '@class.outer',
      },
      goto_previous_start = {
        ['[m'] = '@function.outer',
        ['[['] = '@class.outer',
      },
      goto_previous_end = {
        ['[M'] = '@function.outer',
        ['[]'] = '@class.outer',
      },
    },
    swap = {
      enable = true,
      swap_next = {
        ['<leader>a'] = '@parameter.inner',
      },
      swap_previous = {
        ['<leader>A'] = '@parameter.inner',
      },
    },
  },
}

Formatting

Tabs and Spaces

Tabs and Spaces: My Old init.lua Setup for C++ Files:

In summary, the whole setup looked like this:

vim.o.tabstop = 4   -- "4" is the default value in vscode ; Actually, you must not use vim.o.tabstop! (see vim doc)
vim.o.shiftwidth = 4   -- for indent using the "<" and ">" keys
vim.o.softtabstop = 4   -- for indent using the "<tab>" key
vim.o.expandtab = true

vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd({"BufRead"}, {
  desc = "replace tabs with spaces",
  group = vim.api.nvim_create_augroup('ph_c', { clear = false }),
  pattern = {"*.c", "*.h", "*.cpp", "*.hpp"},
  command = "%retab",
})

Explanation:

vim.o.tabstop = 4   -- "4" is the default value in vscode ; Actually, you must not use vim.o.tabstop! (see vim doc)
vim.o.shiftwidth = 4   -- for indent using the "<" and ">" keys
vim.o.softtabstop = 4   -- for indent using the "<tab>" key

Problem: applies to all files types (e.g. markdown needs tabstop=2, cpp needs tabstop=4)
Solution: Set the following options via a keymap instead of using vim.o settings.

vim.o.expandtab = true

expandtab and retab:
1. changing tabs in spaces (and back)
2. lua guide autocommand create
effect of expandtab:
- inserts spaces instead of tabs
- does NOT affect any existing tabs!
- example:
  - if expandtab=false AND tabstop=8 AND shiftwidth=4,
    - then pressing > two times will insert a tab (instead of 8 spaces)
retab changes all existing indents to use spaces instead of tabs. However, all tabs that come after a non-blank character are kept:
- Warning: This command modifies the file! Tabs are replaced with spaces!

vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd({"BufRead"}, {
  desc = "replace tabs with spaces",
  group = vim.api.nvim_create_augroup('ph_c', { clear = false }),
  pattern = {"*.c", "*.h", "*.cpp", "*.hpp"},
  command = "%retab",
})

C/C++

sudo apt install clang-format

Then use vim-clang-format.

coc.nvim

Nodejs extension host for vim and neovim, load extensions like VSCode and host language servers.

doc: coc.nvim

coc-prettier

Prerequisites: Install the coc.nvim plugin in neovim.

Install: Run :CocInstall coc-prettier.

doc: coc-prettier

doc: prettier

Install locally:

npm install prettier -D --save-exact
echo {} > .prettierrc.json
cp -iv .gitignore .prettierignore

Format shortcuts: see nvim/init.lua

Markdown

markdownlint

If you really need this: :CocInstall coc-markdownlint

LaTeX

To avoid that LaTeX equations surrounded by $ symbols are displayed in italic font follow these steps:

In /usr/share/nvim/runtime/syntax/markdown.vim add:

97 exe 'syn region markdownLatex matchgroup=markdownLatexDelimiter start="\S\@<=\$\|\$\S\@=" end="\S\@<=\$\|\$\S\@=" skip="\\\$" contains=markdownLineStart,@Spell' . s:concealends

and

161 hi def link markdownLatexDelimiter        markdownLatex

Swap Files

location: in ~/.local/state/nvim/swap//

Vimium

? (help, click on “show advanced commands”)

Visual

see doc

tip: use find / to locate and v to select

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